Entrepreneurial Education of Russian Universities' Students as a Way to Form Agency

Keywords: student entrepreneurship training, agency, project, student entrepreneurship

Abstract

  The number and variety of entrepreneurship training programs in universities is growing around the world. At the same time, there is no consensus in the research field on what the future entrepreneur should be taught and how to measure the effectiveness of such training.  One of the points of view suggests that the result of teaching entrepreneurship at a university should be the formation students' "agency" - the ability to purposefully change the environment through their own entrepreneurial project.  However, at this stage, there is no agreement in the scientific and educational community on what indicators can be included in the corresponding construct, so that a reasonable conclusion can be drawn whether agency is formed in the process of entrepreneurial learning.  This article attempts to answer this question by conducting interviews with graduates of the leading entrepreneurship education programs that have been implemented both in Russian universities (formal sector, 64 interviews)) and in the informal sector of student education (24 interviews).  In this study, students' internal attitudes related to understanding the essence of entrepreneurial activity were studied, and these attitudes were compared with the theoretical construct of agency in its interpretation, presented in a series of earlier works by HSE staff (Sorokin P.S. et al.).  In the empirical part of the study, it was confirmed that the internal attitudes of students who have completed entrepreneurial training and successfully implemented their entrepreneurial project do indeed correspond to the theoretical framework of agency.  The main contribution of this article is the development of agency indicators in relation to entrepreneurial learning and the justification of their applicability for assessing the results of educational programs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anderson R.C., Graham M., Kennedy P., Nelson N. et al. (2019) Student Agency at the Crux: Mitigating Disengagement in Middle and High School. Contemporary Educational Psychology, vol. 56, January, pp. 205–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.12.005

Archer M. S. (2003) Structure, Agency and the Internal Conversation. Cambridge, UK; New York. NY: Cambridge University. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139087315

Bajaj M. (2009) “I Have Big Things Planned for My Future”: The Limits and Possibilities of Transformative Agency in Zambian Schools. Compare, vol. 39, no 4, pp. 551–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057920701844503

Bandura A. (2006) Toward a Psychology of Human Agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, vol. 1, no 2, pp. 164–180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00011.x

Bandura A. (1977) Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, vol. 84, no 2, pp. 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295x.84.2.191

Bogatyreva K.A, Verkhovskaya O.R, Dorokhina M.V, Laskovaya A.K, Shmeleva E.V (2022) Globalʼny monitoring predprinimatelʼstva. Rossiya, 2021/2022. Natsionalʼny otchyot [Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Russia, 2021/2022. National Report]. Available at: https://gsom.spbu.ru/images/1/1/otchet_2022_final_1.pdf (accessed 20 December 2023).

Bonney L., Davis-Sramek B., Cadotte E. (2016) "Thinking" about Business Markets: A Cognitive Assessment of Market Awareness. Journal of Business Research, vol. 69, no 8, pp. 2641–2648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.153

Brush C.G. (2014) Exploring the Concept of an Entrepreneurship Education Ecosystem. Innovative Pathways for University Entrepreneurship in the 21st Century (eds S. Hoskinson, D.F. Kuratko), Bingley: Emerald Group, pp. 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1048-473620140000024000

Carver C.S., Scheier M.F. (1981) Attention and Self-Regulation: A Control-Theory Approach to Human Behavior. New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5887-2_7

Cavazzoni F., Fiorini A., Veronese G. (2021) How Do We Assess How Agentic We Are? A Literature Review of Existing Instruments to Evaluate and Measure Individuals’ Agency. Social Indicators Research, vol. 159, no 3, pp. 1125–1153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02791-8

Chatterjee N., Das N. (2015) Key Psychological Factors as Predictors of Entrepreneurial Success: A Conceptual Framework. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, vol. 21, no 1, pp. 105–117.

Cooper C.L., Lu L. (2019) Excessive Availability for Work: Good or Bad? Charting Underlying Motivations and Searching for Game-Changers. Human Resource Management Review, vol. 29, no 4, Article no 100682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2019. 01.003

Dikilitaş K., Mumford S.E. (2019) Teacher Autonomy Development through Reading Teacher Research: Agency, Motivation and Identity. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, vol. 13, no 3, pp. 253—266. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.20 18.1442471

Dobryakova M.S., Froumin I.D. (2020) Universalʼnye kompetentnosti i novaya gramotnostʼ: ot lozungov k realʼnosti [Universal Competencies and New Literacy: From Slogans to Reality]. Moscow: HSE. https://doi.org/10.17323/978-5-7598-2177-9

Fayolle A., Gailly B. (2015) The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Attitude and Intention: Hysterisis or Persistence. Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 53, no 1, pp. 75–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12065

Filion L. (2004) Operators and Visionaries: Differences in the Entrepreneurial and Managerial Systems of Two Types of Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, vol. 1, no1/2, pp. 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2004.005376

Frese M., Gielnik M. (2014) The Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, vol. 1, no 1, pp. 413–438. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091326

Fritsch M., Rusakova A. (2010) Entrepreneurship and Cultural Creativity. Jena Economic Research Papers no 2010,001. Jena: Friedrich Schiller University.

Gasinets M.V, Kapuza A.V., Dobryakova M.S. (2022) Agentnostʼ uchiteley v formirovanii uchebnogo uspekha shkolʼnikov: roli i ubezhdeniya [Teachers’ Agency in Shaping the Educational Success of Schoolchildren: Roles and Beliefs]. Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, no 1, pp. 75–97. https://doi.org/10.17323/1814-9545-2022-1-75-97

Gibcus P., de Kok J., Snijders J., Smit L., van der Linden B. (2012) Effects and Impact of Entrepreneurship Programmes in Higher Education. Brussels: The European Commission.

Giddens A. (1984) The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structure. Berkeley, CA: University of California.

Giddens A. (1979) Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. London: Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16161-4

Haapasaari A., Engeström Y., Kerosuo H. (2016) The Emergence of Learners’ Transformative Agency in a Change Laboratory Intervention. Journal of Education and Work, vol. 29, no 2, pp. 232–262. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2014.900168

Hardy C., Maguire S. (2017) Institutional Entrepreneurship and Change in Fields. The Sage Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism (eds R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, T.B. Lawrence, R.E. Meyer), Los Angeles, London: Sage, vol. 2, pp. 261–280. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446280669.n11

Heckhausen H. (1991) Motivation and Action. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75961-1

Honig B. (2004) Entrepreneurship Education: Toward a Model of Contingency Based Business Planning. Academy of Management Learning and Education, vol. 3, no 3, pp. 258–273. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2004.14242112

Kanfer R., Frese M., Johnson R.E. (2017) Motivation Related to Work: A Century of Progress. Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 102, no 3, pp. 338–355. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000133

Khusainova R., de Jong A., Lee N., Marshall G.W., Rudd J.M. (2018) (Re)Defining Salesperson Motivation: Current Status, Main Challenges, and Research Directions. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, vol. 38, no 1, pp. 2–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2017.1415761

Kornilova Т. (2015) Printsip neopredelennosti v psikhologii vybora i riska [The Principle of Uncertainty in Psychology of Choice and Risk. Psychological Studies, vol. 8, no 40. https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v8i40.553

Krasavin E.M. (2012) Resursno-motivatsionny portret i tipologiya potentsialʼnykh predprinimateley [Resource and Motivation Portrait and Typology of Potential Entrepreneurs]. The Review of Economy, the Law and Sociology, no 3, pp. 41–46.

Krupets Y., Epanova Y. (2021) Developing Craft Business in Russia: Capitals and Tactics of Young Cultural Entrepreneurs. Cultural Trends, vol. 32, no 1, pp. 20–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2021.1996203

Kuratko D. F. (2005) The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Education: Development, Trends and Challenges. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, vol. 29, iss. 5, pp. 577–597. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00099.x

Kuzminov Ya., Sorokin P., Froumin I. (2019) Generic and Specific Skills as Components of Human Capital: New Challenges for Education Theory and Practice. Foresight and STI Governance, vol. 13, no 2, pp. 19–41. http://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2019.2.19.41

Lautamo T., Paltamaa J., Moilanen J., Malinen K. (2021) Psychometric Properties of the Assessment Tool for Perceived Agency (ATPA-22)–Utility for the Rehabilitation of Young Adults Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEETs). Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol. 28, no 2, pp. 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2020.1782983

Lazear E. (2005) Entrepreneurship. Journal of Labor Economics, vol. 23, no 4, pp. 649–680. https://doi.org/10.1086/491605

Leunbach D. (2021) Entrepreneurship as a Family Resemblance Concept: A Wittgensteinian Approach to the Problem of Defining Entrepreneurship. Scandinavian Journal of Management, vol. 37, iss. 1, Article no 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scaman.2021.101141

Liu H., Kulturel-Konak S., Konak A. (2021) Key Elements and Their Roles in Entrepreneurship Education Ecosystem: Comparative Review and Suggestions for Sustainability. Sustainability, vol. 13, no 19, Article no 10648. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910648

Luca M., Cazan A., Tomulescu D. (2013) Entrepreneurial Personality in Higher Education. Procedia — Social and Behavioral Sciences, no 84, pp. 1045–1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.696

Martin B.C., McNally J.J., Kay M.J. (2013) Examining the Formation of Human Capital in Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Analysis of Entrepreneurship Education Outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 28, no 2, pp. 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.03.002

Mogilchak E.L. (2015) Faktory, opredelyayushchie otnoshenie studentov k predprinimatelʼskoy deyatelʼnosti [Factors Determining Students’ Attitude to Entrepreneurship]. Izvestia. Ural Federal University Journal. Series 3. Social and Political Scienses, no 2 (140), pp. 118–127.

Morosanova V.I., Bondarenko I.N. (2015) Diagnostika samoregulyatsii cheloveka [Diagnosis of Human Self-Regulation]. Moscow: Kogito-Tsentr.

Mukhacheva A.V. (2017) Motivatsionnaya tipologiya rossijskogo predprinimatelʼstva [Motivational Typology of Russian Entrepreneurship]. The Bulletin of the Far Eastern Federal University. Economics and Management, no 3, pp. 79–90. https://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2311-2271/2017-3/79-90

Murnieks C., Klotz A., Shepherd D. (2019) Entrepreneurial Motivation: A Review of the Literature and Agenda for Future Research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol. 41, no 2, pp. 115–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2374

Nabi G., Liñán F., Fayolle A., Krueger N., Walmsley A. (2017) The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, vol. 16, no 2, pp. 277–299. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2015.0026

O’Connor A., Cherry N., Buckley P. (2007) Defining Entrepreneurship as a “Domain of Practice”: Implications for Theory and Research for Policy and Education. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, vol. 4, no 5, pp. 654–678. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2007.014395

Pozdnyakov V.P. (2007) Fenomenologiya predprinimatelʼstva: sintez ekonomicheskogo i psikhologicheskogo aspektov [Phenomenology of Entrepreneurship: Synthesis of Economic and Psychological Aspects]. Psikhologiya predprinimatelʼstva [Psychology of Entrepreneurship] (ed. D.Ya. Rajgorodskiy), Samara:Bakhrakh-M, pp. 3–15.

Ramoglou S., Gartner W., Tsang E. (2020) Who Is an Entrepreneur? Is Still the Wrong Question. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, vol. 13, no 1, Article no e00168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00168

Reeves P., Menold J., Follmer D. (2015) Comparison of Faculty and Student Definition of Entrepreneurship. The Journal of Engineering Entrepreneurship, vol. 6, no 2, pp. 25–43. https://doi.org/10.7814/jeenv6n2p2

Roshchin S.K. (2007) Sotsialʼno-psikhologicheskie osobennosti tvorcheskogo predprinimatelʼstva (na primere deyatelʼnosti nekotorykh firm) [Socio-Psychological Features of Creative Entrepreneurship (Using the Example of the Activities of Some Firms)]. Psikhologiya predprinimatelʼstva [Psychology of Entrepreneurship] (ed. D.Ya. Rajgorodskiy), Samara: Bakhrakh-M, pp. 674–680.

Rubin Yu.B. (2021) Razrabotka professionalʼnogo standarta predprinimatelya kak uslovie povysheniya effektivnosti vovlecheniya molodyozhi v predprinimatelʼstvo [Development of the Professional Standard of the Entrepreneur as a Condition for Increasing the Efficiency of Involving Youth in Entrepreneurship]. Journal of Modern Competition, vol. 15, no 1, pp. 45–61. https://doi.org/ 10.37791/2687-0657-2021-15-1-45-61

Sansone G., Battaglia D., Landoni P., Paolucci E. (2021) Academic Spinoffs: The Role of Entrepreneurship Education. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, vol. 17, iss. 1, pp. 369–399. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11365-019-00601-9

Sen A.K. (1999) Development as Freedom. New York, NY: Knopf.

Shahid M., Williams C., Martinex A. (2020) Beyond the Formal/Informal Enterprise Dualism: Explaining the Level of (In)Formality of Entrepreneurs. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, vol. 21, no 3, pp. 191–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750319896928

Shao Q.G., Liou J.H., Weng S.S., Su P. (2020) Constructing an Entrepreneurship Project Evaluation System Using a Hybrid Model. Journal of Business Economics and Management, vol. 21, no 5, pp. 1329–1349. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.13165

Smith K., Ulvik M. (2017) Leaving Teaching: Lack of Resilience or Sign of Agency? Teachers and Teaching, vol. 23, no 8, pp. 928–945. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2017.1358706

Sorokin P.S. (2023) Problema "agentnosti" cherez prizmu novoy realʼnosti: sostoyanie i napravleniya razvitiya [The Problem of “Agency” Through the Prism of a New Reality: Conditions and Perspectives]. Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniia / Sociological Studies, no 3, pp. 103–114. https://doi.org/10.31857/S013216250022927-2

Sorokin P.S. (ed.) (2022) Globalʼny landshaft issledovaniy i perspektivnykh razrabotok v oblasti ukrepleniya cheloveka. T. 2. Samostoyatelʼnostʼ i proaktivnoe povedenie [Global Landscape for Human Strengthening Research and Development. Vol. 2. Independence and Proactive Behavior]. Moscow: HSE.

Sorokin P.S., Froumin I.D. (2022) Obrazovanie kak istochnik dejstviya, sovershenstvuyushchego struktury: teoreticheskie podkhody i prakticheskie zadachi [Education as a Source for Transformative Agency: Theoretical and Practical Issues]. Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, no 1, pp. 116–137. https://doi.org/10.17323/1814-9545-2022-1-116-137

Sorokin P., Froumin I., Chernenko S. (2022) Entrepreneurship Education in Post-Soviet Higher Education Systems: Moving into or Resisting Global Entrepreneurial Culture. Entrepreneurialism and Society: Consequences and Meanings (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, vol. 82) (eds R.N. Eberhart, M. Lounsbury, H.E. Aldrich), Emerald Publishing, pp. 161–215. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20220000082008

Sorokin P.S., Morozova E.V. Pavlyuk D., Redko T.D. (2022) Kak otsenivatʼ studencheskie predprinimatelʼskie proekty? Mirovoy opyt i rekomendatsii dlya rossijskoy praktiki [How to Evaluate Student Entrepreneurial Projects? International Experience and Recommendations for Application in Russia]. Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii / Higher Education in Russia, vol. 31, no 11, pp. 122–140. https://doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2022-31-11-122-140

Sorokin P.S., Povalko A.B. Chernenko S.E. (2020) Obuchenie predprinimatelʼstvu v vuzakh Rossii i mira: zachem, kak i s kakimi rezulʼtatami? [Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education in Russia and International Context: Why, How and with What Results?]. Moscow: HSE.

Sorokin P., Povalko A., Vyatskaya Y. (2021) Informal Entrepreneurship Education: Overview of the Russian Field. Foresight and STI Governance, vol. 15, no 4, pp. 22–31. https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2021.4.22.31

Sorokin P.S., Redko T.D. (2024) Modern Research on Agency Issues in the Field of Education: Systematization of Key Concepts and Developments (in print)

Sorokin P.S., Zykova A.V. (2021) "Transformiruyushchaya agentnostʼ" kak predmet issledovaniy i razrabotok v XXI veke: obzor i interpretatsiya mezhdunarodnogo opyta ["Transformative Agency" as a Subject of Research and Development in the 21st Century: A Review and Interpretation of International Experience]. Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes, no 5, pp. 216–241. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.5.1858

Strauss A., Corbin J. (1990) Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Tittel A., Terzidis O. (2020) Entrepreneurial Competences Revised: Developing a Consolidated and Categorized List of Entrepreneurial Competences. Entrepreneurship Education, vol. 3, no 1, pp. 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41959-019-00021-4

Tiwari P., Bhat A., Tikora J. (2017) An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Affecting Social Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, vol. 7, Article no 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-017-0067-1

Trushevskaya A.A., Logun K.A. (2018) Factornaya model i tipologiya innovatsionnogo povedeniya molodykh predprinimateley [Factor Model and Typology of Innovative Behavior of Young Entrepreneurs]. Problems of Modern Economics, no 2, pp. 151–156.

Valerio A., Parton B., Robb A. (2014) Entrepreneurial Education and Training Programs around the World: Dimensions for Success. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0202-7

Published
2024-04-04
How to Cite
MorozovaEkaterina V. 2024. “Entrepreneurial Education of Russian Universities’ Students As a Way to Form Agency”. Voprosy Obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, no. 1 (April). https://doi.org/10.17323/vo-2024-17333.
Section
Research Articles