Организационная культура образовательных учреждений как предиктор организационного стресса у педагогов
Аннотация
На выборке из 457 педагогических работников 18 образовательных учреждений Невского района Санкт-Петербурга исследуется индекс организационного стресса в школах и детских садах и его зависимость от элементов организационной культуры, а также от практик формирования психологического благополучия, используемых директорами образовательных учреждений.
В исследовании применялись количественные и качественные методы сбора данных. Для измерения организационного стресса использовалась Шкала организационного стресса (Сoping with stress checklist), разработанная А. Маклином. Оценка организационной культуры проводилась на основании модели Д. Денисона, которая в ходе исследования адаптирована для педагогических коллективов. Установки руководителей образовательных учреждений и реализуемые ими практики формирования психологического благополучия выявлены на основании анализа материалов интервью.
Установлено, что организационный стресс оказывает негативное влияние на образовательную организацию, снижая показатели сохранности педагогических коллективов и усиливая текучесть персонала. Дошкольные образовательные учреждения более гомогенны по сравнению со школами по индексу организационного стресса среди персонала, участвующего в образовательном и воспитательном процессе. Школьные педагогические коллективы гетерогенны по индексу организационного стресса, и уровень их стрессоустойчивости связан с особенностями организационной культуры и практиками, которые применяет руководитель для формирования психологического благополучия сотрудников на рабочем месте.
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